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Turkish phrasebook

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Turkish (Türkçe) is the most widely-spoken of the Turkic languages and is the official language of the Republic of Turkey - as well as being the most useful language in Turkish-ruled northern Cyprus. Outside of Turkey itself, knowledge of Turkish is helpful in several neighbouring countries including Azerbaijan. While the Central Asian "stans" speak Turkic languages, the similarities between Kazakh and Turkish (for example) are only very rudimentary. Turkish is a fairly difficult language to learn and speak, due to its complicated, mathematical vowel-harmonied grammar.

[edit] Grammar

Unlike many languages, Turkish forms words by a process known as "agglutination", where prefixes and suffixes are attached to words to mark different parts of speech and so on. Thus, an English phrase such as "I am an Australian" is rendered in Turkish with the one word "Avustralyalıyım - Avustralya-lı-y-ım".

[edit] Pronunciation guide

Turkish pronunciation looks daunting to non-native speakers, as many of the words are very long and look like tongue-twisters. With a bit of practice, however, it becomes much easier.

[edit] Vowels

The Turkish vowels are

Remember that, in lower case, the two letters İ and I look different as well. The lower case form of İ is i, while the lower case form of I is ı.

[edit] Consonants

[edit] Common diphthongs

[edit] Phrase list

[edit] Basics

Hello.: Merhaba. (mehr hah bah)
Hello. (informal): Selam. (sell um)
How are you? (polite/plural): Nasılsınız? (na suhl suhn uhz)
How are you? (informal singular): Nasısın? (na suhl suhn)
What's up / How're you doing? (very informal, contraction of "Ne naber?", literally meaning "What is new?"): Naber? (na berr)
Fine, thank you.: İyiyim, teşekkürler. (ee yee yeem teh shek ür lerr)
What is your name? (polite): Adınız ne? (ad uhn uhz ne)
What is your name? (informal singular): Adın ne? (ad uhn uhz ne)
My name is ______ .: Benim adım ______ . ( Benn im ad uhm _____ .)
Nice to meet you.: Memnun oldum. (mem noon oll doom)
Please.: Lütfen. (Luet fen)
Thank you.: Teşekkür ederim. (teh shek uer eh der eem)
You're welcome.: Bir şey değil. (Bir shey de yeel)
is/are there (any/some) ____?: ____ var mı? (var muh?)
there isn't any: Yok (yock) usually said with a upward movement of chin and eyebrows
Yes.: Evet. (eh vet)
No.: Hayır. (Hah yuhr)
Excuse me. (getting attention) (polite): Efendim. (E fen dim)
Excuse me. (begging pardon): Afedersiniz. (af fair dair sin niz)
I'm sorry.: Özür dilerim. (Ö zuer di lay reem)
I'm sorry.: Pardon. (Par don)
Goodbye (polite singular, used by the person leaving): Hoşça kalın. (Hosh cha kaluhn )
Goodbye (informal/plural, used by the person leaving): Hoşça kalın. (Hosh cha kaluhn )
Goodbye (used by the person staying): Güle güle. (guele guele)
I can't speak Turkish [well].: [İyi] Türkçe konuşamıyorum. ([E yee] Tuerck-che conusha-me-yoo-ruhm)
Do you speak English? (polite/plural): İngilizce biliyor musunuz? (literally, "Do you know English?")
Is there someone here who speaks English?: Burada İngilizce konuşan birisi var mı? ( boor-a-duh Eengleez jay kow noo shun bee ree seh wurrm ?)
Look out!: Dikkat! (Dick kaht !)
Good morning.: Günaydın. (Guen eye duhn )
Good evening.: İyi akşamlar. (E yee Ak sham lar )
Good night.: İyi geceler . (E yee Ge jay ler )
Good night (to sleep): İyi uykular (E yee yoo ku lar)
Welcome: Hoş geldiniz (Hosh Gel din iz)
Welcome (informal singular): Hoş geldin (Hosh Gel din)
I don't understand.: Anlamadım (An la ma duhm)
Where is the toilet?: Tuvalet nerede? (Too va let ner eh de?)
Is there any ...?: ... var mı? (var Muh)

[edit] Problems

Help!: İmdat! (Im Daht !)
Help!: Yardım Edin! (Yard um ed in)
Accident: kaza (ka za)
Doctor: doktor (dok tor)

[edit] Numbers

1: bir (bir)
2: iki (icki)
3: üç (uech)
4: dört (dirt)
5: beş (besh)
6: altı (altuh)
7: yedi (yedi)
8: sekiz (sekiz)
9: dokuz (dokuz)
10: on (on)
11: on bir (on bir)
12: on iki (on icki)
13: on üç (on uech)
14: on dört (on doert)
15: on beş (on besh)
16: on altı (on altuh)
17: on yedi (on yedi)
18: on sekiz (on sekiz)
19: on dokuz (on dokuz)
20: yirmi (yir mi)
21: yirmi bir(yir mi bir)
22: yirmi iki (yir mi icki)
23: yirmi üç (yir mi uech)
30: otuz (otuz)
40: kırk (kuhrk)
50: elli (elli)
60: altmış (altmuhsh)
70: yetmiş (yet mish)
80: seksen (seksen)
90: doksan (doksan)
100: yüz (yuez)
200: iki yüz (icky yuez)
300: üç yüz (uech yuez)
1000: bin (bin)
2000: iki bin (icky bin)
1,000,000: bir milyon (beer milyon)
1,000,000,000: bir milyar (beer milyar)
1,000,000,000,000: bir trilyon (beer trilyon)
number _____ (train, bus, etc.): _____ numara (numara)
half: yarım (yaruhm)
less: az (as)
more: çok (chock)

[edit] Time

now: şimdi (shim di)
later: sonra (...)
before: önce (...)
morning: sabah (...)
afternoon: öğleden sonra (...)
evening: akşam (...)
night: gece (...)

[edit] Clock time

[edit] Duration

[edit] Days (Günler)

Sunday: Pazar (paz ar)
Monday: Pazartesi (paz ar tesi)
Tuesday: Salı (saluh)
Wednesday: Çarşamba (char sham ba)
Thursday: Perşembe (per shem be)
Friday: Cuma (juma)
Saturday: Cumartesi (juma tesi)

[edit] Months

January: Ocak (o jak)
February: Şubat (shu bat)
March: Mart (mart)
April: Nisan (nee sahn)
May: Mayıs (ma yuhs)
June: Haziran (ha zee ran)
July: Temmuz (taem mooz)
August: Ağustos (aa hoos toss)
September: Eylül (aey luehl)
October: Ekim (ae keem)
November: Kasım (kah suhm)
December: Aralik (a ra luhk)

[edit] Writing time and date

[edit] Colors

Black: Siyah (see yuh)
White: Beyaz (bei azh)
Yellow: Sarı (saa rıh)
Blue: Mavi (mao vee)
Navy: Lacivert (la jee vert)
Green: Yeşil (yea sheal)
Red: Kırmızı (khır mızı)
Pink: Pembe (pam bhe)
Orange: Turuncu (too roon joo)
Purple: Mor (more)
Brown: Kahverengi (kaah ve rengi)

[edit] Transportation

[edit] Bus and train

Which bus?: hangi otobüs (hangee auto boos)
How many kilometers?: kaç kilometre? (kach kilo metreh)

[edit] Directions

Where?: (place) nerede? (nar edeh); (direction) nereye? (nar eyeh)
Left: sol (sole)
Right: sağ (saa)
Straight: düz (dooz)
Here: burada (bur ah da)

[edit] Taxi

I want to get out: inecek var (ine jek var)

[edit] Lodging

One person: bir kişi (beer kee shee)
One night: bir gece (beer gay jay)
Hot water: sıcak su (see jak suu)
Breakfast included: kahvaltı dahil (kah val tuh da heel)

[edit] Money

[edit] Eating

Waiter! Excuse me!: bakar mısınız? (ba kar mis in izz)
Menu / price list: Menü / fiyat listesi (fee yot lis tesi)
Bill / check: hesap (he sap)
Lunch: öğle yemeği (oh lay yem ayee)

[edit] Bars

Do you serve alcohol?: İçki var mı? (ickhi wha mhi)
Is there table service?: Masaya servis var mı?
A beer/two beers, please.: Bir/iki bira, lütfen (beer/icky bhira,luet fen)
A glass of red/white wine, please.: Bir bardak kırmızı/beyaz şarap, lütfen. (beer bar duck khırmizi/bay iz shar up, luet fen )
A pint, please.: Yarım litre, lütfen. (ya ream lit rhe, luet fen)
A bottle, please.: Şişe, lütfen. (shishe, luet fen)
whiskey: viski
vodka: vodka
rum: rom (rhom)
water: su (sue)
club soda: soda (soda)
orange juice: portakal suyu (pore-tuck-al sue you )
Coke: Cola (cola)
One more, please.: Bir tane daha, lütfen. (beer thane dahha, luet fen)
Another round, please.: Birer tane daha, lütfen. (beer-ar thane dahha, luet fen)
When is closing time?: Ne zaman kapatıyorsunuz?
Cheers!: Şerefe! (sherafa)

[edit] Shopping

How much (money)?: kaç para? (koch pa rah)
Cheap: ucuz (oo juuz)
Expensive: pahalı (pahaluh)

[edit] Driving

I want to rent a car.: Araba kiralamak istiyorum.
Can I get insurance?: Kasko yaptırabilir miyim?
stop (on a street sign): dur
one way: tek yön
no parking: part etmek yasaktır
speed limit: hız sınırı
gas (petrol) station: benzinci
petrol: benzin
diesel: dizel

[edit] Authority

[edit] External links

Turkish course at Wikibooks

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